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1994-05-02
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<text>
<title>
Egypt: Geography
</title>
<article><hdr>The World Factbook 1993: Egypt
Geography</hdr><body>
<p>Location: Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea and
the Red Sea, between Sudan and Libya
</p>
<list>
<l>Area:</l>
<l> total area: 1,001,450 km2</l>
<l> land area: 995,450 km2</l>
<l> comparative area: slightly more than three times the size of
New Mexico</l>
</list>
<p>Land boundaries: total 2,689 km, Gaza Strip 11 km, Israel 255
km, Libya 1,150 km, Sudan 1,273 km
</p>
<p>Coastline: 2,450 km
</p>
<list>
<l>Maritime claims:</l>
<l> contiguous zone: 24 nm</l>
<l> continental shelf: 200 m depth or to depth of
exploitation</l>
<l> exclusive economic zone: not specified</l>
<l> territorial sea: 12 nm</l>
</list>
<p>International disputes: administrative boundary with Sudan
does not coincide with international boundary creating the
"Hala'ib Triangle," a barren area of 20,580 km2, the dispute
over this area escalated in 1993
</p>
<p>Climate: desert; hot, dry summers with moderate winters
</p>
<p>Terrain: vast desert plateau interrupted by Nile valley and
delta
</p>
<p>Natural resources: petroleum, natural gas, iron ore,
phosphates, manganese, limestone, gypsum, talc, asbestos, lead,
zinc
</p>
<list>
<l>Land use:</l>
<l> arable land: 3%</l>
<l> permanent crops: 2%</l>
<l> meadows and pastures: 0%</l>
<l> forest and woodland: 0%</l>
<l> other: 95%</l>
</list>
<p>Irrigated land: 25,850 km2 (1989 est.)
</p>
<p>Environment: Nile is only perennial water source; increasing
soil salinization below Aswan High Dam; hot, driving windstorm
called khamsin occurs in spring; water pollution;
desertification
</p>
<p>Note: controls Sinai Peninsula, only land bridge between
Africa and remainder of Eastern Hemisphere; controls Suez Canal,
shortest sea link between Indian Ocean and Mediterranean; size
and juxtaposition to Israel establish its major role in Middle
Eastern geopolitics
</p></body></article></text>